Properties of Heavy Cosmic Nuclei Phosphorus, Chlorine, Argon, Potassium, and Calcium: Results from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer

Aceituno, A.; Aguilar, M.; Alpat, B.; Ambrosi, G.; Anderson, H.; Antunes, J.; Arruda, L.; Attig, N.; Bagwell, C.; Barao, F.; Barbanera, M.; Barrin, L.; Bartoloni, A.; Battiston, R.; Bayyari, A.; Belyaev, N.; Bertucci, B.; Bindi, V.; Bollweg, K.; Bolster, J.; Borchiellini, M.; Borgia, B.; Boschini, M.J.; Bourquin, M.; Brugnoni, C.; Burger, W.J.; Cai, H.Y.; Cai, X.D.; Capell, M.; Casaus, J.; Cassidy, J.; Castellini, G.; Cervelli, F.; Chang, Y.H.; Chen, G.M.; Chen, G.R.; Chen, H.; Chen, H.; Chen, H.S.; Chen, Y.; Cheng, L.; Chou, H.Y.; Chouridou, S.; Choutko, V.; Chung, C.H.; Clark, C.; Coignet, G.; Consolandi, C.; Contin, A.; Corti, C.; Cui, Y.X.; Cui, Z.; Dadzie, K.; D'angelo, F.; Dass, A.; Delgado, C.; Della Torre, S.; DEMİRKÖZ, MELAHAT; Derome, L.; Di Falco, S.; Di Felice, V.; Díaz, C.; Dimiccoli, F.; Von Doetinchem, P.; Dong, F.; Dotson, M.; Duranti, M.; Egorov, A.; Ellison, A.; Faldi, F.; Fehr, D.; Feng, J.; Fiandrini, E.; Fisher, P.; Formato, V.; García-López, R.J.; Galdames, A.; Gargiulo, C.; Gast, H.; Ge, T.T.; Gervasi, M.; Ghezzer, L.E.; Giovacchini, F.; Gómez-Coral, D.M.; Gong, J.; Grandi, D.; Graziani, M.; Guidetti, R.; Guan, C.; He, Z.H.; Heber, B.; Hernández-Nicolás, F.; Höfer, L.; Hsieh, T.H.; Hu, J.Y.; Huang, B.W.; Ionica, M.; Incagli, M.; Jia, Yi; Jinchi, H.; Kappe, T.; Karadöller, E.; Karagöz, GÜLCE; Kastelic, J.; Kirn, Th.; Kounina, O.; Kounine, A.; Koutsenko, V.; Krasnopevtsev, D.; Kuhlman, A.; Kulemzin, A.; La Vacca, G.; Laudi, E.; Laurenti, G.; Lazzizzera, I.; Lee, H.T.; Lee, S.C.; Li, H.L.; Li, J.H.; Li, J.Q.; Li, M.; Li, Q.; Li, Q.; Li, Q.Y.; Li, S.L.; Li, Z.H.; Liao, P.; Lin, C.H.; Lippert, T.; Liu, P.C.; Liu, Z.; Lu, S.Q.; Luo, J.Z.; Luo, Q.; Luo, S.D.; Luo, Xi; Mañá, C.; Marín, J.; Martínez, G.; Masi, N.; Maurin, D.; Medvedeva, T.; Menchaca-Rocha, A.; Meng, Q.; Mikhailov, V.V.; Molero, M.; Mott, P.; Mussolin, L.; Najafi Jozani, Y.; Nicolaidis, R.; Nikonov, N.; Nozzoli, F.; Ocampo-Peleteiro, J.; Oliva, A.; Orcinha, M.; Palmonari, F.; Paniccia, M.; Pashnin, A.; Pauluzzi, M.; Pelosi, D.; Pensotti, S.; Perez, D.; Pietzcker, P.; Plyaskin, V.; Poluianov, S.; Pridöhl, D.; Puccetti, N.; Qu, Z.Y.; Quadrani, L.; Rafiei, M.M.; Rancoita, P.G.; Rapin, D.; Robyn, E.; Rodríguez-García, I.; Romaneehsen, L.; Rossi, F.; Rozhkov, A.; Rozza, D.; Sagdeev, R.; Schael, S.; Schultz Von Dratzig, A.; Schwering, G.; Seo, E.S.; Shan, B.S.; Shukla, A.; Siedenburg, T.; Siemko, A.; Silvestre, G.; Schledewitz, D.; Song, J.W.; Song, X.J.; Sonnabend, R.; Strekalovsky, A.; Strigari, L.; Stuzhin, A.; Su, T.; Sun, Q.; Sun, Z.T.; Tabarroni, L.; Tacconi, M.; Tang, Z.C.; Teoh, J.J.; Tian, J.; Tian, Ye; Tian, Y.; Ting, Samuel; Ting, S.M.; Tomassetti, N.; Torsti, J.; Ubaldi, A.; Usoskin, I.; Vagelli, V.; Vainio, R.; Väisänen, P.; Valencia-Otero, M.; Valente, E.; Valtonen, E.; Van Hove, E.; Vázquez Acosta, M.; Vecchi, M.; Velasco, M.; Wang, J.C.; Wang, L.Q.; Wang, N.H.; Wang, S.; Wang, X.; Wang, Z.M.; Waqas, M.; Weng, Z.L.; Wu, H.; Wu, Z.B.; Xiao, J.N.; Xiong, R.Q.; Xiong, Y.Z.; Xu, W.; Yan, Q.; Yan, Z.X.; Yang, H.T.; Yang, Y.; Yi, H.; You, Y.H.; Yu, M.; Yu, Y.M.; Yu, Z.Q.; Yuan, B.Q.; Zhang, C.; Zhang, F.Z.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, J.H.; Zhang, Z.; Zhao, P.W.; Zheng, Z.M.; Zhou, H.F.; Zhuang, H.L.; Zhukov, V.; Zou, L.K.; Zuberi, M.; Zuccon, P.

doi:10.1103/d2vf-fw3v

Properties of Heavy Cosmic Nuclei Phosphorus, Chlorine, Argon, Potassium, and Calcium: Results from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer

Aceituno A., Aguilar M., Alpat B., Ambrosi G., Anderson H., Antunes J., ...Daha Fazla

Physical Review Letters, cilt.136, sa.24, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)

Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
Cilt numarası: 136 Sayı: 24
Basım Tarihi: 2026
Doi Numarası: 10.1103/d2vf-fw3v
Dergi Adı: Physical Review Letters
Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Chemical Abstracts Core, Compendex, EMBASE, INSPEC, MathSciNet, MEDLINE, zbMATH, DIALNET
Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

We report the unique properties of cosmic phosphorus (P), chlorine (Cl), argon (Ar), potassium (K), and calcium (Ca) fluxes in the GV to TV rigidity range collected by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) on the International Space Station. With a total of one million events collected over 13.5 years, we observed that the rigidity dependencies of the five fluxes are well described by the sums of a primary cosmic ray component and a secondary cosmic ray component. The abundance ratios of all five elements to Si at the source are accurately determined independent of cosmic ray propagation. The source abundance of Ar and Ca (even-Z elements) is larger than P, Cl, and K (odd-Z elements). The secondary components of the P and the Cl fluxes are each ∼1/3 of the F flux, and the secondary components of the Ar, K, and Ca fluxes are each ∼1/2 of the F flux. The twenty elements measured by AMS, from He to Ca and Fe, can be categorized into four classes, two primary and two secondary, based on their rigidity dependence.