Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
AERONAUTICAL JOURNAL, cilt.0, sa.0, ss.1-32, 2025 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
Blade ice accumulation is a serious problem that changes turbine aerodynamics and dynamics, leading to lower
power output and higher structural loading. Different from the literature, this paper investigates the performance
effectiveness of baseline wind turbine controllers: the generator torque and collective blade pitch controllers against
rotor blade ice accumulation. The NREL 5-MW turbine is utilised, and simulations of baseline controllers are
conducted with the MS (Mustafa Sahin) Bladed Model for clean and iced blade cases. The performance of the
controllers is examined in below (Region 2) and above (Region 3) rated regions under 1 m/s step rising wind
speeds. Results are presented through various parameters, including turbine controllers’ gain(s), blade pitch angle,
rotor speed, power, etc. Rotor speed response is used to evaluate the controllers’ performance. Even slight blade
ice accumulation is estimated to affect turbine efficiency and characteristics, decreasing Cpmax by 13.27%, slightly
varying optimum blade pitch angle and tip speed ratio, altering the control input gain by up to 14.68%. Blade ice
accumulation is observed to adversely affect baseline controllers’ performance. In Region 2, the torque controller
exhibits reduced transient and steady-state performance, with rotor speed reaching the steady-state approximately 2 s
later and showing a steady-state error of 1.86%. In Region 3, the pitch controller’s transient performance deteriorates
at lowwind speeds, particularly near the rated wind speed, leading to an increased decay time of up to 5.2 s. However,
beyond 16 m/s, pitch controller performance gradually recovers, becoming nearly identical to the clean blade case
at 21 m/s, while the controller steady-state performance remains unaffected