Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Urban and Regional Planning in Turkey, Uzun Nil,Özdemir Sarı Ö. Burcu,Özdemir Suna S., Editör, Springer, London/Berlin , Basel, ss.1-9, 2019
Urban and regional planning, as an institution,
differs significantly from country to country depending on the legal and
institutional contexts of each state. In Turkey, after the foundation of the Republic
in 1923, the importance of urban and regional became more significant. Economic
policies executed by the government have always had an effect on urbanisation
in Turkey. In fact, different economic policies and models applied since 1923
defined the different periods of urbanisation in the country. These periods
also define the changes in urban and regional planning. There are basically
four different models of economic development applied. A centralised,
state-dominated model was the first one, implemented with the foundation of the
Republic, and it remained in place until the 1950s. The second model, liberalisation,
was adopted in the 1950s. Mechanisation in agriculture set off rural-to-urban
migration and the rate of urbanisation increased very rapidly. This period
lasted until the 1980s when Turkey’s economy underwent radical changes with the
introduction of the privatisation model within the context of globalisation.
The fourth period, starting after the general elections of 2002, can be
considered a continuation of the third one. Economic and political changes in
this period have had substantial implications for cities