Interfacial Interactions and Flammability of Flame-Retarded and Short Fiber-Reinforced Polyamides


Gunduz H. O., Isitman N. A., Aykol M., KAYNAK C.

POLYMER-PLASTICS TECHNOLOGY AND ENGINEERING, cilt.48, sa.10, ss.1046-1054, 2009 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 48 Sayı: 10
  • Basım Tarihi: 2009
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1080/03602550903092575
  • Dergi Adı: POLYMER-PLASTICS TECHNOLOGY AND ENGINEERING
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.1046-1054
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: Crystallinity, Flame retardancy, Interfacial strength, Mechanical properties, Polyamide, Short glass fiber, MELAMINE CYANURATE, MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES, NYLON/GLASS COMPOSITE, PART II, LENGTH, STRENGTH, THERMOPLASTICS, POLYPROPYLENE, COMBUSTION, PP
  • Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

Interfacial properties, crystallinity and flammability of short fiber reinforced and flame retarded polyamide 6 and polyamide 66 compounds are investigated, emphasizing the influence of flame retardant fillers on the resistance of fiber/matrix interface to shear. Interfacial shear strengths are derived through a micromechanical approach by determining the tensile properties and residual fiber length distributions. Validated by fracture morphologies, interfacial strengths are found to be governed by filler-induced apparent crystallinities and fractional occurrence of polyamide polymorphs, obtained via peak deconvolution of X-Ray diffraction patterns. Although flame retardant additives based on Br/Sb synergism are found to impart excellent flammability reductions regarding oxygen index and UL94 classifications (V-0 rating), degree of crystallinity; thus, interfacial properties are deteriorated due to lowered thermal expansion and increased cooling rates. Red phosphorus as a flame retardant also induces a UL94 V-0 and significant reduction in flammability together with the facts that crystallinity is not altered and a strong fiber/matrix interface is maintained. Use of melamine cyanurate in an unreinforced polyamide improves the limiting oxygen index considerably; however, the UL94 rating remains unchanged as V-2 as a consequence of increased level of melt dripping. Melamine cyanurate additionally increases the degree of crystallinity through promotion of heterogeneous nucleation.