Layer-by-layer assembly of chitosan/alginate thin films containing Salmonella enterica bacteriophages for antibacterial applications

Tidim G., Guzel M., Soyer Küçükşenel Y., Erel Göktepe İ.

Carbohydrate Polymers, vol.328, 2024 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier identifier

  • Publication Type: Article / Article
  • Volume: 328
  • Publication Date: 2024
  • Doi Number: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121710
  • Journal Name: Carbohydrate Polymers
  • Journal Indexes: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Academic Search Premier, PASCAL, BIOSIS, Biotechnology Research Abstracts, CAB Abstracts, Chemical Abstracts Core, Chimica, Compendex, EMBASE, Food Science & Technology Abstracts, Veterinary Science Database
  • Keywords: Alginate, Antibacterial, Bacteriophage, Chitosan, Food packaging, Layer-by-layer self-assembly
  • Middle East Technical University Affiliated: Yes

Abstract

The emergence of antibiotic resistant bacteria and the ineffectiveness of routine treatments inspired development of alternatives to biocides for antibacterial applications. Bacteriophages are natural predators of bacteria and are promising alternatives to antibiotics. This study presents fabrication of a Salmonella enterica bacteriophage containing ultra-thin multilayer film composed of chitosan and alginate and demonstrates its potential as an antibacterial coating for food packaging applications. Chitosan/alginate film was prepared through layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly technique. A bacteriophage, which belongs to Siphoviridae morphotype (MET P1-001_43) and infects Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Enteritidis (Salmonella Enteritidis), was post-loaded into chitosan/alginate film. The LbL growth, stability, and surface morphology of chitosan/alginate film as well as phage deposition into multilayers were analysed through ellipsometry, QCM-D and AFM techniques. The bacteriophage containing multilayers showed antibacterial activity at pH 7.0. In contrast, anti-bacterial activity was not observed at acidic conditions. We showed that wrapping a Salmonella Enteritidis contaminated chicken piece with aluminium foil whose surface was modified with phage loaded chitosan/alginate multilayers decreased the number of colonies on the chicken meat, and it was as effective as treating the meat directly with phage solution.