IEEE Access, 2025 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
Effective data governance is critical for organizations striving to leverage data as a strategic asset, yet standardized frameworks for assessing data governance capabilities remain underdeveloped. To address this gap, this study presents a Data Governance Process Capability Model (DG-PCM) grounded in the ISO/IEC 330xx standards. Building on a well-accepted Design Science Research (DSR) approach, the study develops and evaluates the DG-PCM as the designed artifact. The DSR framework guided the integration of complementary methods - including literature review, Modified-Delphi analysis, and case study - to iteratively design, validate, and refine the model. Developed through a systematic, multi-stage research approach, the model synthesizes insights from a comprehensive review of 326 academic studies and the practical perspectives of industry experts obtained via the Delphi method. The DG-PCM structures data governance processes into four primary domains - Data, Organization, Strategy, and Technology - encompassing eighteen distinct processes, each evaluated across six capability levels, from Level 0 (Not Performed) to Level 5 (Innovating). To assess the model's practical relevance, a case study conducted within a manufacturing organization validated its utility in aligning data governance practices with broader organizational goals. This structured approach not only fills a critical gap in the literature but also provides a standardized, unbiased, and comprehensive framework for assessing data governance maturity. The findings indicate that the DG-PCM offers a robust foundation for continuous improvement, strategic alignment, and data-driven decision-making, positioning it as a vital tool for organizations seeking to enhance their data governance capabilities in an increasingly data-centric environment.