This study, covering both periods called Tanzimat and Republican Modernization by and large includes depictions of Mevleviyah and in specifics it examines the work of painters reflecting the images of Sufism as a subject in their works which also constitute examples of the study. In the imagination of western travellers, though they embodied multiple way of living in the Turkish image, if we look for a deductive approach, generally they often chose to deal with the Whirling / Dancing Dervishes, their Religious Ceremonies and Places. Besides, the role of the Galata Mevlevihane (mevlevi lodge) sheikhs served from the 18th century, contributed to this. The travellers, who came to the Ottoman lands mostly with their prejudices on the opinion and images of the East, paid more attention to learn about this aspect and preferred a moderate approach. In the travel books written by many travellers, Mevlevi lodges have been recorded as strange / meaningless places, but they have not lost its attraction as a must see for equally so many travellers. Personality, sect or cult, gender and tastes of travellers also had an impact on their view of Ottoman community and Mevlevi approach. Many mentioned travellers had also had the opportunity to get to know Ottoman people from inside which means they continued their lives by harmonizing their own lives with the others’ way of living by residing there (we may call this as vocational obligation). For some travellers, Mevleviyah and related issues could not represent anything but theatrical objects and even sometimes as ferocity though for some travellers it could be described as pleasant to witness and a prayer which could contribute enormously to ethereal feelings to people. In this study, by providing multiple depictions on Mevleviyah, which was mentioned specially among the examples of Ottoman people’s lifestyle, is examined in a completely different ideological approach from the previous period by being influenced from the context of artists in Republican Modernization period. The examples of both the effects of Sufistic thoughts prevalent in Anatolia since 13th century, lives of Sufism experts and stories about them and also examples from the compositions of travellers have affected the many artists who are mentioned in this study and lived in Republican Modernization Period and the depiction of these issues in their paintings have been emphasised. While very few of them were really interested in Sufistic thoughts, it is understood that the remaining majority could not help but pursued a fashionable trend. Key words: Tanzimat (reorganization), Modernization, Republic, Sufism, Mevleviyah.