Structural violence and the urban politics of hope in Ankara, Turkey

BAYIRBAĞ M. K., Schindler S., Penpecioğlu M.

City, vol.27, no.3-4, pp.464-482, 2023 (Scopus) identifier

  • Publication Type: Article / Article
  • Volume: 27 Issue: 3-4
  • Publication Date: 2023
  • Doi Number: 10.1080/13604813.2023.2223879
  • Journal Name: City
  • Journal Indexes: Scopus, Academic Search Premier, IBZ Online, International Bibliography of Social Sciences, Environment Index, Public Affairs Index
  • Page Numbers: pp.464-482
  • Keywords: Ankara, politics of hope, state-led urbanisation, structural violence, Turkey
  • Middle East Technical University Affiliated: Yes

Abstract

This paper examines the role of violence in Turkey’s state-coordinated pursuit of rapid urban transformation. We argue that the Justice and Development Party (AKP) implemented an urban development regime that relied on structural violence to control and distribute urban rent, housing and land. Despite framing this mode of urban transformation as a way to include marginalised urban populations in economy and society, it ultimately proved to be politically and economically unsustainable. In response to resistance, the AKP shifted its strategy to one of coercion in order to maintain control of the pace and scope of urbanisation. We present original research from Ankara and show how this strategic shift unfolded through an analysis of urban policy and planning practice. By highlighting the negotiated nature of Turkey's urban transformation and the limits of structural violence, this paper offers insights into the complexities of contemporary urban politics.