Against (theory-neutral) method (in consciousness science)


DAVOODY BENI M.

Neuroscience of Consciousness, vol.2026, no.1, 2026 (ESCI, Scopus) identifier identifier identifier

  • Publication Type: Article / Article
  • Volume: 2026 Issue: 1
  • Publication Date: 2026
  • Doi Number: 10.1093/nc/niag003
  • Journal Name: Neuroscience of Consciousness
  • Journal Indexes: Emerging Sources Citation Index (ESCI), Scopus
  • Keywords: inference to the best explanation, natural kind reasoning, theory-neutrality
  • Middle East Technical University Affiliated: Yes

Abstract

This article challenges the assumption that the science of consciousness can proceed from a theory-neutral foundation. I argue that even ostensibly theory-neutral (or theory-light) programmes inevitably rely on substantive background commitments that cannot be cleanly bracketed. The analysis demonstrates that the aspiration to eliminate or minimize theory-dependence in favour of pure observation risks collapsing into naïve empiricism. More broadly, the paper contends that there is no context-independent scientific method—certainly not one that seeks to purge theoretical commitments from the neuroscience of consciousness without significant epistemic cost.