Nonstationary energy in general relativity
PHYSICAL REVIEW D, vol.101, 2020 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Publication Type: Article / Article
- Volume: 101
- Publication Date: 2020
- Doi Number: 10.1103/physrevd.101.024035
- Journal Name: PHYSICAL REVIEW D
- Journal Indexes: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Academic Search Premier, Aerospace Database, INSPEC, zbMATH
- Open Archive Collection: AVESIS Open Access Collection
- Middle East Technical University Affiliated: Yes
Abstract
Using the time evolution equations of (cosmological) general relativity in the first order Fischer-Marsden form, we construct an integral that measures the amount of nonstationary energy on a given spacelike hypersurface in D dimensions. The integral vanishes for stationary spacetimes; and with a further assumption, reduces to Dain's invariant on the boundary of the hypersurface which is defined with the Einstein constraints and a fourth order equation defining approximate Killing symmetries.