Eğitimin İş Piyasası Üzerindeki Etkileri: 1997 Türk Zorunlu Eğitim Reformundan Yarı-Deneysel Bulgular
Tez Türü: Yüksek Lisans
Tezin Yürütüldüğü Kurum: Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi, İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi, İktisat Bölümü, Türkiye
Tez Danışmanı: Meltem Dayioğlu Tayfur
Tezin Onay Tarihi: 2023
Tezin Dili: İngilizce
Özet:
This thesis investigates the impact of
the 1997 Turkish Compulsory Schooling Law (CSL) on educational
attainment and subsequent labor market outcomes. Using data from the
Household Labor Force Survey (HLFS) spanning 2007-2022, the analysis
focuses on Turkish individuals aged 25-35. The causal inference method
employed is the Instrumental Variable (IV) approach. Results indicate
that the CSL policy significantly bolstered 8th-grade (middle school)
degree attainment for both genders. Additionally, a spillover effect was
observed, leading to increased high school degree attainment
exclusively for women. The return on education manifested distinctly
between genders. Women experienced a 10% and 15% rise in monthly and
hourly wages, respectively, whereas men saw a statistically
insignificant 7% rise in both monthly and hourly rates. Additionally,
women's monthly work hours decreased with the additional year of
schooling. Education also increased their likelihood of being wage
workers, being employed in the public sector, having social security,
and working in larger companies. Conversely, their chances of being
unpaid family workers diminished. All these employment transformations
were not observed in men. This research underscores the multifaceted
effects of compulsory education reforms on labor market dynamics, with
pronounced gender-specific outcomes.