The
fundamental issues and problem areas of philosophy; ontology, epistemology,
axiology and education; the fundamental philosophical movements (idealism,
realism, naturalism, empiricism, rationalism, pragmatism, existentialism,
analytical philosophy) and education; educational philosophy and educational
movements: Perennialism, essentialism, progressivism, existentialist education,
critical/radical education; educational viewpoints of certain philosophers in
Islamic world and in the West, human nature, individual differences and
education; education in terms of certain political and economic ideologies; the effective movements of thought during the
modernization process in Turkey and education; the philosophical foundations of
Turkish education.