Flow around and forces on cylindrical structures in steady currents, regular and random waves. Phase-averaged and phaseresolved flow features around cylinders. Diffraction effect and forces on large bodies. Basic principles of scour around marine
structures: pipelines, slender and large piles. Time scale of scour and backfilling. Scour around a group of slender piles. Scour
protection, field measurements of scour. Scour at edge structures, breakwaters, seawalls. Introduction and physics of
liquefaction, biot equations and their solutions. Wave induced residual and momentary liquefaction around marine structures.
Floatation of buried pipelines, sinking of pipelines and marine objects.