THE CONTRIBUTION OF TRADITIONAL TECHNIQUES TO NEW TECHNOLOGY TO EVALUATE THE POTENTIAL RISK OF STONE DETERIORATION BY MICROORGANISMS


Sırt Çıplak E., Saltık E. N., Gözen A. G.

SCIENCE AND ART: A FUTURE FOR STONE,PROCEEDINGS OF THE 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON THE DETERIORATION AND CONSERVATION OF STONE, Edinburgh, England, 6 - 10 September 2016, pp.57-65

  • Publication Type: Conference Paper / Full Text
  • City: Edinburgh
  • Country: England
  • Page Numbers: pp.57-65
  • Middle East Technical University Affiliated: Yes

Abstract

Stones used in cultural objects are affected from weathering actions resulting in different

types of deterioration in the long run. Biodeterioration is one of them which is usually

observed following an initial state of deterioration of the stone. There are few investigations

based on a joint interpretation of data that are obtained from various quantification methods

of microorganisms present on stone material, to conduct diagnostic and monitoring studies.

Hence, there is a necessity for developing new techniques in the light of traditional ones. In

this study stones of Nemrut Mount Monument (Adiyaman, Turkey), and Temple of

Augustus (Ankara, Turkey) were selected as cases to develop different types of methods as

FDA hydrolysis; total microflora; MPN, and ATP bioluminescence for the determination of

microbial activity on stones of the monuments. The results showed that the stones of

Temple of Augustus had higher microbial activity than the stones of Nemrut Mount

Monuments. Furthermore, sandstone and limestone of Nemrut Mount Monuments revealed

that only stones having visible biological layers i.e. lichens gave values closer to

intermediate level. Considerable quantity of FDA hydrolyses has revealed the importance

of alga population, however, bacterial and fungal activity was low in the stones of the two

studied historical sites. Although they have different measuring units, applicability and

accuracy of methodologies of these techniques for evaluation of biodeterioration in historic

stones were scientifically proved when results are compared and interpreted together.